Non-Revenue Water (NRW) is the difference between the water pumped in the distribution mains and the amount of water that is billed. NRW is the factor that indicates a water utility’s performance. Lower NRW indicates the good performance of utility.
During the last few years, many water utilities are facing difficulties with high NRW levels, Among the NRW management strategies, water pressure management is the most popular towards the goals of effective and efficient water use. In an effort to improve the level of services provided to consumers, minimise its operating expenses and reduce water leakage and pipes’ bursts, water utilities reply on water pressure management. The revenue losses are caused mainly due to the reduction of pressure-dependent water consumption.